12/29/2023 0 Comments Aa gradient![]() He is one of the founders of the FOAM movement (Free Open-Access Medical education) and is co-creator of , the RAGE podcast, the Resuscitology course, and the SMACC conference. He created the ‘Critically Ill Airway’ course and teaches on numerous courses around the world. ![]() He coordinates the Alfred ICU’s education and simulation programmes and runs the unit’s education website, INTENSIVE. He is actively involved in in using translational simulation to improve patient care and the design of processes and systems at Alfred Health. He has completed fellowship training in both intensive care medicine and emergency medicine, as well as post-graduate training in biochemistry, clinical toxicology, clinical epidemiology, and health professional education. He is an internationally recognised Clinician Educator with a passion for helping clinicians learn and for improving the clinical performance of individuals and collectives.Īfter finishing his medical degree at the University of Auckland, he continued post-graduate training in New Zealand as well as Australia’s Northern Territory, Perth and Melbourne. He is on the Board of Directors for the Intensive Care Foundation and is a First Part Examiner for the College of Intensive Care Medicine. He is also a Clinical Adjunct Associate Professor at Monash University. He is a co-founder of the Australia and New Zealand Clinician Educator Network (ANZCEN) and is the Lead for the ANZCEN Clinician Educator Incubator programme. an exaggerated FiO2 dependence in intrapulmonary shunt (PAO2 vs PAO2/PaO2 difference diagram with regard to increasing percentage of shunt) and even more so in V/Q mismatch.Ĭhris is an Intensivist and ECMO specialist at the Alfred ICU in Melbourne.For every decade a person has lived, their A–a gradient is expected to increase by 1 mmHg – a conservative estimate of normal A–a gradient is FiO2 1.0 – 31 mmHg in young, 56 mmHg in elderly.FiO2 0.21 – 7 mmHg in young, 14 mmHg in elderly.Right-to-Left shunt (intrapulmonary or cardiac).Low PiO2 (FiO2 Alveolar hypoventilation (elevated PACO2).However, the A–a gradient increases with age (see limitations)ĬLASSIFICATION OF HYPOXIA BASED ON A-a GRADIENT. ![]() A normal A–a gradient for a young adult non-smoker breathing air, is between 5–10 mmHg.PAO2 is the ‘ideal’ compartment alveolar PO2 determined from the alveolar gas equation.A-a gradient is calculated as PAO2 – PaO2
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